電鍍前處置時(shí)必須依據(jù)工件的實(shí)際情況，采用適宜的方法進(jìn)行有用清洗。金屬基材一般分為沖壓件和壓鑄件。沖壓件上面的油污為一般沖壓油，因其密度比較高所以比較容易清洗。一般可用酸洗、電解等。而鋅、鋁、銅等的壓鑄件屬比較難清洗的因壓鑄件中添加了各種元素，此外在成型、拉升、壓延、切削、拋光的過程中還必須運(yùn)用各種油品，如機(jī)油、拋光油等。

Before electroplating, it is necessary to use appropriate methods for effective cleaning based on the actual situation of the workpiece. Metal substrates are generally divided into stamped parts and die castings. The oil stains on the stamped parts are ordinary stamping oil, which is easy to clean due to its high density. Generally, acid washing, electrolysis, etc. can be used. Zinc, aluminum, copper, and other die-casting parts are relatively difficult to clean due to the addition of various elements in the die-casting. In addition, various oil products such as engine oil and polishing oil must be used in the process of forming, pulling, rolling, cutting, and polishing.

關(guān)于超聲波清洗機(jī)來講，機(jī)油能夠輕松往除。但拋光油分為黃油白油、綠油等，這比較難以往除。因此，必須挑選合適的超聲清洗設(shè)備和清洗液。

Regarding ultrasonic cleaning machines, oil can be easily removed. But polishing oil is divided into butter white oil, green oil, etc., which is difficult to remove. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable ultrasonic cleaning equipment and cleaning solution.

超聲頻率一般為20-100KHZ之間。一般工件的前處理，一般采用低頻、中功率的超聲清洗設(shè)備，如頻率25-28KHZ，功率密度1W/cm。由于低頻比高頻在介質(zhì)中容易發(fā)生空化，關(guān)于外形簡單、并不十分精密的工件，超聲波清洗機(jī)能滿足要求。特點(diǎn)是噪音較大價(jià)格便宜。對一些精密度較高的工件，現(xiàn)運(yùn)用的一般都為高頻40-68KHZ高功率的超聲清洗機(jī)。因此類清洗機(jī)關(guān)于縫隙、空隙、深孔、盲孔等表面形復(fù)雜的工件清洗效果較好?？墒浅暻逑吹男Ч皇怯腥芤旱诌_(dá)的地方才華起到清洗效果。也是說要防止深孔、盲孔中有空氣，并且要留意雜質(zhì)著落、油污上漂和處置清洗不到位的現(xiàn)象。

The ultrasound frequency is generally between 20-100KHZ. The pre-treatment of general workpieces generally uses low-frequency, medium power ultrasonic cleaning equipment, such as a frequency of 25-28KHZ and a power density of 1W/cm. Due to the tendency of cavitation to occur in the medium at low frequencies compared to high frequencies, ultrasonic cleaning can meet the requirements for workpieces with simple and not very precise shapes. The characteristic is high noise and low price. For some high-precision workpieces, the commonly used ones are high-frequency 40-68KHZ high-power ultrasonic cleaning machines. Therefore, this type of cleaning machine has a better cleaning effect on workpieces with complex surface shapes such as gaps, gaps, deep holes, and blind holes. But the effect of ultrasonic cleaning can only be achieved when the solution reaches the area. It also means that air should be prevented in deep and blind holes, and attention should be paid to the phenomenon of impurities falling, oil floating, and inadequate disposal and cleaning.